Treatment regimen for varicose veins of lower extremities

Varicose veins are scourges of modern mankind. But often treatment of varicose veins, the individually selected program, ends successfully. Sometimes the problem is just therapy and medicine, but sometimes the situation is saved with only surgery. What are the ways to get rid of this unpleasant and serious illness?

Varicose veins - basic information

Varicose veins is a medical condition characterized by damage to the veins.

There are special valves in the veins that act as a closed type, preventing blood from flowing down (venous blood in the legs flows from bottom to top).

Damaged valve system leads to reflux and obstruction.As a result of this process, the veins become weakened, stretched and deformed, unable to cope with the increasing blood pressure.

The result is a symptom familiar to many people - swollen veins on the surface of the skin, indicating the dynamic development of the pathology.

All the dullness of this disease lies in that, in its early stage, its manifestation is frequent fatigue and heaviness in the legs.

Consequently, many people are in no hurry to see a doctor and they start to be alarmed when blue strands appear on the skin, damaging the appearance of the legs.

Learn more about symptoms of early varicose veins here.

The reasons for the development of this pathology are varied.These factors include both congenital abnormalities of the vascular system and several stimulants: sedentary lifestyle, overweight, uncomfortable wearing shoes, occupational activities related tostanding for a long time.

The treatment of the disease is always carried out in a comprehensive manner.The necessary plan is selected by the specialist based on the stage of disease development and the individual characteristics of the organism.

Which doctors treat the veins?

Varicose veins are not only dilated veins, but they also seriously disrupt the function of the valves and impair blood circulation, leading to serious complications throughout the body. And if the first symptoms appear - swollen veins, muscle cramps, persistent heaviness in the leg - you should immediately make an appointment to see a vein doctor.

Based on the severity of the disease, the cause of the disease and the health condition, the doctor will choose the most suitable treatment among the current options.

Threatening Symptoms

The main causes of varicose veins are: genetics, overweight, sedentary lifestyle, sedentary or standing at work, hormonal imbalance in the body. According to statistics, 40% of adult women and 20% of men show signs of varicose veins.

A phlebist doctor involved in diagnosing the disease, you should contact himif such symptoms appear:

• Severe leg condition worsened by the end of the day.
• Legs quickly get tired when walking for long periods of time.
• Pain in the leg.
• Appearance of a small circuit mesh in the leg.
• Swollen legs.
• Intense seizures at night.
• Itching of the skin of the lower extremities.

atrophy of the muscle fibers of the shallow veinsgradually develops, the blood vessels elongate, expand, become zigzag, on which protruding nodules appear on the surface of the skin. The skin on the dilated veins becomes red, blue, dry and hot, and sores appear due to tissue nutritional disorders.

Due to a dystrophic change of the subcutaneous fat layer, it is possible to develop fatty fibrosis - a dangerous complication of varicose veins in the legs, conservative therapy may not be successful. .

To avoid the dire consequences of varicose veins, the vein surgeon recommends that their patientsinitiate prompt treatmentwhen the first signs of disease appear.

Methods of treatment

Highly effective sclerosis, which involves injecting a special hardener into the vessels using a syringe with the finest needle. The venous lumen is tightened, the edges of the ruptures are welded, thus preventing blood seepage outside the vein. The substance itself, having completed its function, is absorbed.

This method removes all blemishes and yields great aesthetic results. But after the procedure, it is necessary to maintain the condition of the veins with complementary therapy and compression clothing.

Almost 10 years ago, lasers, or rather endovenous laser coagulation, began to be used very successfully in medicine to combat varicose veins. Intravenous treatment is as follows:

1. Using a local anesthetic, a small puncture is made in a vein.
2. An optical fiber is inserted into the hole to form.
3. Laser beam impact on the affected area, sealing the damage.
4. Then a new cloth appeared on the vagina.

Operation does not happen "blindly" - the process is monitored via ultrasound, so there is practically no risk of failure. In addition, the absence of important incisions eliminates the feeling of pain, the formation of hemorrhagic streaks and violation of neighboring tissues.

After the procedure you should bandage the affected area or wear pressed socks and tights.

Radiofrequency ablation is commonly used and high frequency currents are successfully treating varicose veins. It happens like this:

1. A vein is punctured.
2. A catheter is inserted into the hole.
3. Radiation enters the flask through it.
4. Conductor acts at the molecular level, changing the protein molecules of the damaged circuit.

This method allows you to quickly treat all venous nodes and do not need special postoperative treatment.

Methods for treating varicose veins

There are two of them: conservation and surgery. The patient is facing an urgent question: how to treat varicose leg varicose legs without surgery. When choosing a method, the doctor must take into account the signs, the stage of the disease, the presence of complications, comorbidities, the age of the patient. Non-surgical methods to eliminate varicose veins of the lower extremities are only good when the symptoms are weak.

To prevent the degradation of affected ships help:

• drug therapy;
handle compression
• ;
• physical therapy exercises;
• physiotherapy;
• massage;
• traditional medicine recipes;
• diet.

Vein doctors try to choose for their pregnant patients completely non-medicated lower limb varicose treatments. The first to mention is compression underwear, gym, physiotherapy, massage, diet. If medication is still needed, only topical medications are prescribed.

Debate continues on whether hirudotherapy helps to treat varicose veins. Substance hirudin secreted by leeches, penetrates the venous system of the lower extremities, thinning the thick blood. However, today there are many modern drugs with similar properties. In addition, there are risk factors for leech use - vascular infection, allergic reactions.

If necessary, treatment of varicose veins is carried out using radical methods. This one:

• therapy;
• ozone therapy;
cryotherapy
• ;
• condenser capacitors;
coagulation by laser
• ;
• surgical intervention.

Sclerotherapy - injecting a drug into the affected vein with a drug that "sticks" dilated vein. It stopped pumping blood and slowly disappeared. The maximum effectiveness of fibrosis therapy is achieved in the early stages of the pathology. A similar approach is ozone therapy: a portion of this gas is pumped with a syringe into the lumen of the tiny veins, and the vessels also "stick together".

Refrigeration is used during cryotherapy treatments. During coagulation, a high-frequency electrical current is applied to the vessels through a very thin electrode. Treatment of varicose veins with laser is also an effective, modern method, especially when used in conjunction with conservative methods. At the same time, the cosmetic result is high: after a few weeks the patient has no scars or no scars.

However, surgical resection is the most effective treatment that allows you to completely eliminate varicose veins when the drug treatment does not yield the desired results. The vessels are removed through local incisions under the skin. After surgery, the leg is tightly bandaged, after 3-4 hours the patient can walk.

Principles of medical treatment for varicose veins

Only effective treatment of varicose veins is possible if drugs of choice block pathological mechanisms of development, destruction of vascular walls and valves.

The main task of treating varicose veins is:

• restores blood circulation;
• strengthens the walls of veins;
• increases vascular tone;
• reduces blood viscosity;
• prevents blood clots;
• normalizes the valve system;
• eliminates inflammatory processes;
• normalizes blood circulation in the capillaries.

Medicines are indispensable in the treatment of complex diseases.

They are also used widely for preventive purposes, which is especially important for people at risk of developing the pathology.

So far, there is a large number of drugs for varicose veins in the legs, and they all differ in composition and mechanism of action.

See a doctor

Varicose veins is a dangerous disease, if treated incorrectly or improperly, can threaten complications dangerous to human health and life.

Help. Thromboembolism of vital vessels, thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers - this is not an exhaustive list of the complications of varicose veins that threaten people.

In this regard, you should not even try to self-medicate.

Experimenting with home remedies can make the situation worse or ineffective.

Under no circumstances will this take time, health and money.

Therefore, you should contact phlebist doctor. Only a specialist can accurately select drugs and develop treatment regimens for maximum benefit to patients.

Medicines used

Complex varicose therapy involves using multiple groups of drugs at once:

1. Phlebotonics.
2. Anticoagulants.
3. Anti-inflammatory.
4. Fibrinolytics.

In addition, to improve the therapeutic effect,uses the means of systemic and local action.

Creams, gels, ointmentsare used as topical preparations. When choosing drugs for the treatment of varicose veins and thrombophlebitis, it should be borne in mind that it is theagent in the form of an ointment characterized by the highest content of active ingredients.

Important!A common contraindication to all topical remedies is a violation of skin integrity.

As a rule, such drugs are used several times a day and the product must be rubbed with a slight motion from the bottom up.

Types of drugs and their effects

In varicose veins, drugs are classified by type of effect intothree main groups:

• venotonic or anti-venous medications;
• blood thinners (anticoagulants) and platelet adhesion inhibitors (antiplatelet agents);
Anti-inflammatory drug
• .

Medical studies and practices that have demonstrated the effectiveness of a scrap tonic developed on the basis of natural flavonoids- diosmin and hesperide. These substances not only protect the cells of the veins, but also stimulate the flow of lymph and stabilize the work of the capillaries. Concomitant use of combination drugs including flavonoids is particularly effective.

Phlebotropic agents typicallyare taken 2 to 3 months in courses. It is important that the reception coincides with the hot season, when the load on the vessels increases due to the high air temperature and the use of large volumes of water. If varicose veins are accompanied by chronic venous insufficiency, intravenous tonic drugs are continuously administered in half doses.

Patients diagnosed with varicose veinsshould be systematically treated at the outsetto prevent disease development and reduce the likelihood of complications.

The second task is solved with drugs that thin the blood (anticoagulants) and improve its bleeding properties, prevent the formation of blood clots (anti-platelet aggregation drugs).

The formation of blood clots, separating them from the vessel wall and moving along the vein layer leads to the overlapping of blood vessels in the heart, lungs and brain. Therefore, the likelihood of having a heart attack, pulmonary embolism, and ischemic stroke is very high.

Antiretrovirals are not a cure for varicose veins, but are used as a means to prevent its serious complications- thrombosis and thrombophlebitiscircuit. We can say that these drugs have saved patients' lives and reduced the risk of disability.

Activity

Removal of the damaged veins of the lower extremities or their parts is done through incisions or punctures. The removal of diseased vessels in the clinic is necessary if:

The veins
• in the legs are pathologically enlarged;
• affected skin;
• trophic ulcers appeared;
Thrombophlebitis
• becomes worse.

Contraindicated surgical treatment of varicose leg veins:

• is ​​used for severe hypertension, coronary artery disease, infectious diseases, eczema;
• if the patient has reached old age;
• during pregnancy (over 5 months).

Complementary therapy

In addition to medical and surgical treatment, complementary treatment is of considerable importance, including some measures to bring veins back to normal:

1. A bandage relaxes the feeling of weight in the leg. When buying the required funds, it should be remembered that heating pads are contraindicated for varicose veins.
2. Foot soaking is another way to help reduce the stress on your feet. Using herbs and oils, you can strengthen blood vessels, get rid of puffiness and redness. But the effect will only be with using the daily method.
3. Contrast shower. 10 seconds of cold compresses and 30 seconds of warm (best to avoid hot water) for 5-7 minutes each morning will help keep your veins in good shape. For these purposes you can use an Alekseev or Charcot shower.

Vein physicians often include physical therapy in complex treatment - laser, magnetotherapy, electrophoresis.

They are not annoying and painful, they are inexpensive and quite effective. In addition, treatment takes place under the supervision of medical professionals. The main condition is regular office visits.

Physiotherapy has a beneficial effect on the condition of the venous wall, muscle tissue, and valve function.

Compression therapy is an important ingredient not only in the treatment but also in the prevention and postoperative period. The use of a bandage will avoid a stall, support damaged vessels and prevent disease progression.

Dressing takes some skill and knowledge, as pulling too much can lead to deterioration and weak dressing will not work as expected. Therefore, in order to correctly use the bandage, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Varicose veins are not acceptable in all cases, so only a doctor can tell if it is worth using in a particular case. If you choose the right method, you can feel the results after the first session. This method can improve blood microcirculation, reducing the main symptoms of the disease, including external manifestations.

The more advanced the disease, the harder it is to cope with it, sometimes the patient is too late and then there is only one way out - the veinectomy. To prevent this from happening, don't wait for complications, but get qualified timely help.

Conservative approach

The vein therapist tries to do this without performing unnecessary traumatic surgery in the early stages of the disease. For example, this is typical for reticular varicose veins, its manifestations confined to the blue network of veins. The drug helps to improve the condition of the valves and vessel walls. Men, as well as women, should wear compressed knitwear. Pathology cannot be completely cured. However, conservative methods prevent the development of varicose veins and protect from complications.

Gymnastics

Exercise therapists know how to get rid of veins on the legs by performing physical therapy exercises. This is possible provided that exercise, which improves blood flow in the legs, is done in a systematic way. For example:

1. In the standing position, heels are raised alternately.
2. In the same standing position, they slowly stood on tiptoes and slowly lowered.
3. Sitting on a chair, rolling a small ball on the floor with your feet.

Wear special underwear

Doctors recommend combining the medical treatment of varicose veins with wearing compression underwear - these are products made from a special knitwear that puts (compresses) the veinscircuit. The level of linen pressure on the wall can be adjusted by purchasing products with different levels of compression.

A total of four levels of compression: the first level is used for prevention, the rest for treatment. With lower extremities varicose veins, must wear socks, socks, knee-high and leggings, the doctor chooses the required amount of pressure.

The compressed underwear creates a dense frame on the leg,thanks to which, the following effects evolve:

• Supports weak leg muscles.
• The walls of blood vessels are compressed, thus preventing them from dilating.
• Lymph flow and blood circulation are stimulated.
• Stagnation has been removed.
• The venous valve function is normalized.
• The load on the dilated veins is reduced.
• Thrombophlebitis is prevented.

Compressed knitwear is required after varicose surgery. Underwear help prevent recurrence of the disease, create more support for the body during rehabilitation.

Sclerotherapy

Compressed fibrosis therapy is a modern treatment for varicose veins, which involves injecting medication into the affected veins. As a result, the walls of the veins become hardened (glued), blood flow at the injection site stops, and the vein gradually dissipates or leaves an almost imperceptible fiber left unconcerned.

Usually, fibrosis therapy is done when there are spider veins, when varicose veins are in the early stage. With the increasingly severe development of varicose leg varicose veins, the treatment with fibrosis therapy is carried out after an analysis of the condition of the venous valve and vascular wall, functional characteristics of the circulatory systempatient.

If you decide to go for compression fibrosis therapy, you will be given a coagulation test, an ultrasound of the veins. When performing fibrosis therapy, the patient does not feel pain, as the drug is injected into the vein with the thinnest needle. After the end of the procedure, a sterile bandage is applied to the drug application area, and the patient wears a pressure bandage gown. The first week after fibrosis therapy, a compression needle must be worn day and night, then allowed to be removed at night.

Positive outcomes of fibrosis therapy:

• Effective blood flow restoration.
• Excludes a blood clot in a damaged vein.
• Prevention of nutritional disorders in tissues.
• Eliminates the clinical symptoms of varicose veins: edema, convulsions, pain.
• Excellent aesthetic effect due to the disappearance of the swollen veins completely.

Diet

In order to treat varicose veins more effectively, it is important to have proper nutrition. Berries, apples, citrus, contain flavonoids, antioxidants, rutin, help improve the condition of blood vessels. Blood thinning provides adequate daily water supply (1. 5-2 liters). Diet for people with varicose veins and vacuum is compatible with fatty foods, fried foods, hot spices, alcohol.

Folk remedies

Treatment of varicose veins with summer home folk remedies is especially effective. The following formulas are common:

1. Apply for 15-20 minutes with tomato paste. It has a high content of lycopene, actively strengthens blood vessels and prevents the formation of blood clots. At the same time, it is very helpful to eat fresh tomatoes every day.
2. Sweet clover infusion, an indispensable herb for people with varicose veins: Turmeric. l. Raw materials are incubated with two glasses of boiling water, kept until cooled, filtered. They drink half a glass three times a day, with the rest used as lotion.

Don't do anything

When a diagnosis is made of varicose veins, one must pay attention to lifestyle, diet and sport.Not allowed:

• is ​​physically active, running, and jumping (yoga classes are allowed);
• standing or sitting for a long time;
• use all medicines without consulting a specialist;
• long flight with forced motionless posture of the legs. Also, at great altitudes, thick blood occurs, leading to the formation of blood clots;
• take a hot bath, take a sauna;
• cupping and honey massage are strictly prohibited, only allow manual medical massage type.

Potential Complications

Tropic ulceris ​​a complicated form of varicose veins, manifested as the development and depth of ulcers that do not heal for a long time. Usually, a separate, painful ulcer develops in the lower leg, where a "crying" sound in the form of a serous discharge is often observed inside the affected tissue.

Urgent medical care

Get medical attention immediately if you have any of the following symptoms:

• Increased pain in affected limb, unable to get out of bed or walk a few steps;
• The skin on the legs is hot, swollen and hard to the touch.
• Skin color changes from pale to bluish-green or reddish-greenish;
• Sudden shortness of breath, shortness of breath, severe sweating, and weakness;
• Bleeding from affected skin or varicose veins.

Essential drugs for varicose veins need to be integrated into a complex treatment regimen.Even after surgery, some expectorant and antiplatelet therapy will be requiredto prevent possible nutritional disorders, inflammation and related complications. to illness.

Many multi-component anti-varicose drugs work in combination, and have several functions. The effectiveness of such drugs is more pronounced.It is best to use the correct dosage regimens calculated by the vein doctor, in combination with compression therapy, yoga classes, swimming pool swimming, medicationHerbal.

Conclusion

Complex treatment of varicose veins involves the use of a variety of treatments.

Along with medications, physiotherapy, special exercises, massage, etc. v. is prescribed.